Introduction
Osteoporosis, commonly known as weakening of bones, is a condition in which bone density decreases and bones become fragile. Many people ignore early signs such as back pain, height loss, or fractures after minor injuries. Early diagnosis can help prevent serious complications.
In this informative Doctors Talk episode, Dr. Adesh Sharma, an experienced Orthopedic Surgeon from Sharma Hospital, Mathura, explains the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of osteoporosis.
What is Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a condition where bones lose their strength and become more likely to break. It develops gradually and often remains unnoticed until a fracture occurs.
Commonly affected bones include:
- Spine
- Hip
- Wrist
- Shoulder
Which Age Group is at Higher Risk?
Although osteoporosis can affect anyone, it is more common in:
- Women after menopause
- People above 50 years
- Individuals with low body weight
- People with Vitamin D deficiency
- Long-term steroid users
Women are generally at higher risk because estrogen levels decline after menopause.
Symptoms of Osteoporosis
Early symptoms may be mild, but advanced osteoporosis can cause:
- Persistent back pain
- Loss of height
- Stooped posture
- Bone pain
- Fractures after minor falls
- Weakness and reduced mobility
Main Causes of Osteoporosis
1. Aging
Bone formation decreases with age.
2. Calcium Deficiency
Low calcium intake weakens bone structure.
3. Vitamin D Deficiency
Without Vitamin D, the body cannot absorb calcium effectively.
4. Smoking and Alcohol
These habits reduce bone density over time.
5. Lack of Physical Activity
Sedentary lifestyle accelerates bone loss.
Role of Calcium and Vitamin D
According to Dr. Adesh Sharma, calcium and Vitamin D are essential for strong bones.
Important Sources of Calcium
- Milk and dairy products
- Curd
- Cheese
- Green leafy vegetables
- Sesame seeds
- Almonds
Important Sources of Vitamin D
- Morning sunlight
- Egg yolk
- Fatty fish
- Fortified foods
- Doctor-prescribed supplements
What is a DEXA Scan?
A DEXA Scan (Bone Density Test) is the most accurate method to diagnose osteoporosis.
It helps doctors:
- Measure bone mineral density
- Assess fracture risk
- Monitor treatment progress
Can Smoking and Alcohol Affect Bones?
Yes.
Smoking reduces blood supply to bones, while excessive alcohol interferes with calcium absorption. Both significantly increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
Is Osteoporosis Common in Labour Workers?
Yes. People involved in heavy physical labour may develop bone problems due to:
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Repeated stress on joints
- Poor calcium intake
- Limited medical screening
What is the “Grease Injection” in the Knee?
Many patients call it a grease injection, but medically it is usually Hyaluronic Acid Injection.
It is used in selected patients with knee osteoarthritis to:
- Improve joint lubrication
- Reduce pain
- Improve movement
- Delay surgery in some cases
Treatment Options for Osteoporosis
Treatment may include:
- Calcium supplements
- Vitamin D therapy
- Bone-strengthening medicines
- Weight-bearing exercises
- Physiotherapy
- Lifestyle modification
- Fall prevention strategies
Role of Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy helps improve:
- Balance
- Muscle strength
- Posture
- Mobility
- Fall prevention
When Should You Get Tested?
Consult an orthopedic specialist if you have:
- Frequent bone pain
- Repeated fractures
- Height loss
- Post-menopausal bone weakness
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Long-term steroid use
Expert Opinion by Dr. Adesh Sharma
Dr. Adesh Sharma emphasizes that osteoporosis is preventable and manageable. Early DEXA screening, adequate calcium and Vitamin D intake, regular exercise, and timely treatment can significantly reduce fracture risk.
Watch the Complete Doctors Talk Episode
In the full Doctors Talk podcast, Dr. Adesh Sharma explains:
- What osteoporosis is
- Age-related bone loss
- Symptoms and causes
- Vitamin D deficiency
- DEXA Scan
- Smoking and alcohol effects
- Physiotherapy
- Knee grease injection
- Prevention and treatment tips
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